1. Added Dimensions: This feature enables work to be done in three dimensions in addition to cost and time dimensions. It is possible to view cost estimations and the bills of materials as work is being done on a design. Most importantly, it allows the preparation of time schedules which can be adhered to in order to achieve efficiency.
2. Virtual Information Model: Designers can share a project’s virtual information model with principal and sub-contractors as well as the operators or owners of the facility. This feature ensures that information loss during the period of sharing between stakeholders is kept to the barest minimum. Owners of complex structures can take advantage of a more extensive information database.
3. All Encompassing System: Every single process like project management, cost management, facility operation, among others is supported by BIM. In simple terms, BIM is useful throughout a building’s life cycle.
4. BIM Management: The purpose of this feature is to manage information systems efficiently all through the life cycle of a project. It supports the tracking of an object-oriented BIM against any performance objectives which the stakeholders set.

1. Capture Reality: BIM offers more than paper does in the way it captures reality and streamline project preparations. Mapping tools combined with images of Earth makes it possible to access aerial imagery, digital elevation among other things.
2. Maintain Control: With the provision of features such as auto-save and connections, it is possible to project history which reveals how much time was spent working on a model. This eliminates the corruption of files as well as its disappearance.
3. Improve Collaboration: Sharing models is a breeze with BIM compared to drawing sets. This enhances collaboration through the use of tools designed for different disciplines. As a result, everyone has a chance of making an input towards the design of a project before it is finalized.
4. Processes: It offers an increased speed and efficiency in the way things are done. For instance, it is so much easier to create spaces automatically from Excel to BIM Revit.
5. Policies: There will be a need to protect companies as they share information. This will enhance collaboration between stakeholders. It could be through the use of an electronic release form or an application of filters to any information which is shared. The tactic will minimize risk while the workflows that BIM relies on are streamlined.
6. People: For change to be adopted, the people involved have to be on board. To make good use of the technology offered by BIM, strong in-person relationships have to be built. To avoid the risk of obsolescence, new technology needs to be embraced in addition to a willingness to learn it. BIM will encourage innovation and investment in training, education, and development.

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A workable definition of BIM is, “A model-based technology that can combine, among other things, the design, fabrication information, erection instructions, and project management logistics in one database, providing a platform for collaboration throughout the project’s design and construction phase.”

U.S. is at the forefront of BIM processes and technologies:

An industry study noted that North America is the most advanced continent in terms of adopting BIM in a big way followed by Oceania and Europe. It also noted that there is a strong correlation between the advance a country has made overall and the employment of BIM services. More significantly, the study noted that North America, Europe, Oceania, and Asia are advancing rapidly toward the mature stage of BIM.

Adopting BIM can result in the more efficient use of resources; the benefits accruing to the stakeholders in embracing BIM are several, chief among them being

• BIM provides all stakeholders involved in an AEC project not only the proficiency to visually coordinate building systems but also the skill to pinpoint conflicts among them.

• Cloud computing platform based software coupled with the ability to update data in real time allow users to derive immense benefits, the more tangible among them being the saving in time besides the saving in costs.

• Users of BIM technologies don’t waste their time in exchanging project information.

• Building elements are represented as 3D objects along with relevant and accurate information

• Consistent and faultless data is updated in real time on all views of the project if changes are made in any view

• BIM models created at the start of a project ensure deep and perfect collaboration among all those involved in the construction leading to improved communication for enhanced productivity and better quality control

• Cost estimation and quantity take-offs are prepared more easily, faster and almost error free

• BIM helps to analyze thoroughly cooling and heating requirements, day-lighting choices, climatic issues, electrical line requirements and carbon emissions to arrive at optimum solutions

Short-term and Long-term Benefits of BIM

Adopting BIM results in short-term and long-term benefits. While short term benefits can immediately be felt, long term benefits accrue after sustained adoption by all stake holders.

Some of the significant short-term benefits are:

• More reliable forecast of costs of construction

• Fewer requests for information

• High quality of project

• Deeper collaboration among team members

• Almost nil conflicts

The long-term benefits that accrue after sustained adoption are:

• New business opportunities

• Shorter project duration

• Enhanced profits

• Lesser construction costs

• Lesser litigations and claims

Tangible Benefits of BIM Adoption

One of the latest study done by a leading Data & Analytics organization, among general contractors (GCs), construction managers (CMs) and trade contractors (TCs) with $50 million or more in annual construction value besides architects, engineers and contractors confirmed the findings of earlier studies that larger companies are more inclined to adopt BIM and reap benefits than smaller companies.

The study is quite revealing as to the status of BIM in the U.S. and the highlights are as follows:

• 50% of all contractors employed BIM in about 50% of their projects

• While most GCs and CMs produce their own models TCs use models produced by others. However, when TCs develop their own models and use them they have acquired greater value from them

• Structural fabricators, HVAC contractors and mechanical contractors tend to develop their own BIM models.

• A very high percentage of GCs believe that substantial value to a project is added on account of trades using BIM models.

• 70 percent of those surveyed reported a decrease of at least 5 percent in requests for information during construction

• 50 percent of those surveyed reported at least 5 percent reduction in final construction costs, material waste and schedules

• Lesser safety incidents were reported

• BIM standards, design modeling and planning were reported as the prime drivers of BIM adoption

• Most GCs opined that internal factors and market would drive BIM. However, CMs and TCs need some pushing from clients

• Improving information flow is an important objective of adopting BIM processes and technologies. Lesser hard copies, lesser unforeseen issues and enhanced collaboration are some of the other benefits accruing due to better information flow

Issues to be tackled for the Future

Some key issues to be tackled for the future, have been revealed by leading journals and articles as:

• BIM should be introduced gradually

• In-house building modeling should be attempted first and shared within the company before collaborating with outside firms

• BIM should be looked at as a cultural change rather than a technology change

• Top-down approach would be more successful than bottom up approach

• Team work and collaboration should be the mantra

• Expectations should be grounded in reality

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